Due to poor living conditions, demanding physical labor, lack of food and medical care, the mortality rates were high, especially among the young and the elderly. Based on the incomplete and inaccurate records kept by MVD and MGB, Arvydas Anušauskas estimated that some 16,500 and 3,500 Lithuanians died in 1945–1952 and 1953–1958 respectively;[48] this number does not include 8,000 deaths among the deportees of 1941.[49] Thus total Lithuanian deaths could be around 28,000. Children accounted for about a quarter of the total casualties